Portugal. [5] En el envejecimiento de la población, la pérdida de la audición es la tercera más común de este problema médico crónico para las personas mayores de 65 años en los Estados Unidos. En España, el 50% de las personas mayores de 75 años de edad sufren pérdida de audición de acuerdo con Manrique, et al. A medida que el envejecimiento saludable de la población se incrementa en el mundo, el impacto de la pérdida de audición crecerá.
fácilmente disponibles en la mayor parte del mundo.
En el envejecimiento de la población, la pérdida de la audición es la tercera más común de este problema médico crónico para las personas mayores de 65 años en los Estados Unidos. En España, el 50% de las personas mayores de 75 años de edad sufren pérdida de audición de acuerdo con Manrique, et al. A medida que el envejecimiento saludable de la población se incrementa en el mundo, el impacto de la pérdida de audición crecerá.
Según la OMS, el 50% de la sordera y las deficiencias auditivas pueden evitarse mediante la prevención, diagnóstico lo mas pronto posible, y la gestión. En la Figura 1, la OMS ha elaborado un plan para identificar y controlar mundialmente la pérdida de audición. En el caso de la pérdida de audición relacionada con la edad, algunas personas desarrollan la pérdida de audición debido a los factores hereditarios. Pero, la mayor parte del problema se debe a la exposición al ruido. Así la forma manera más fácil y mejor de prevenir la edad pérdida de audición inducida es una minuciosa y constante protección del oído. Inserta plug desechables oído son baratas y fácilmente disponibles en la mayor parte del mundo.
Cuando la pérdida auditiva se produce, por lo general es irreversible. Sin argumento, el mejor tratamiento es los audífonos. Según el Consejo Nacional sobre el Envejecimiento de la encuesta, el tratamiento con audífonos reducio los problemas mentales, como la iritacion, frustración, depresión, paranoia, ansiedad y fobias sociales.
Sin embargo, hay un problema con este tratamiento: la gente no lo usa. ¿Por qué? Parte del problema es económico. Estadísticas de la OMS muestran que la producción anual actual de los audífonos se estima para satisfaer menos del 10% de la necesidad mundial. En los países en desarrollo, menos de 1 de cada 40 personas que podrían beneficiarse de un audífono tiene uno. Incluso en los países ricos los pobres se encuentran tratamiento bajo. Entre los hispanos de los trabajadores migrantes estudiados por Rabinowitz et al. en los EE.UU., ninguno informó mediante un audífono, a pesar de que el 35% informó de la pérdida significativa de la audición y el lenguaje difícil de entender. Además del alto costo financiero de los audífonos, otra parte del problema es el estigma social de ser visto usando un audífono. El uso de audífonos penetra sólo el 20-25% del mercado en los EE.UU. y se ha estimado que sólo 1 / 3 de las personas con pérdida auditiva que obtienen un audífono si se ofrece sin cargo.[8]
Si bien es triste ver que las personas sufren, es aterrador ver que poblaciones enteras sufren y afectan al desarrollo global. La OMS es consciente de que “El costo de la educación especial y la pérdida de empleo debido a la pérdida de audición también puede imponer una carga económica sustancial para los países.” Siguiendo las directrices establecidas en la figura 1 es un proceso largo pero muy importante para ayudar a los 278 millones de personas de que sufren esta desventaja es invisible y silencioso.
Kaplan, D. La definición de discapacidad. https://www.accessiblesociety.org/topics/demographics-identity/dkaplanpaper.htm llamó 21 de septiembre 2009.
Organización Mundial de la Salud. Sordera y las deficiencias auditivas. https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs300/en/ llamó 21 de octubre 2009
Hearing loss is all over the world. Not communicable diseases of age or other diseases. Hearing loss is all over the world. Not communicable diseases of age or other diseases. When caused by brain tumors [1], autoimmune disorders, or meningitis can cause death. For treatment of these cases it is important to detect hearing loss, diagnose its origin and provide treatment. But in most cases of age hearing loss is not in danger of life. It is also invisible and for that reason it is easy to ignore. As a result, many people do not consider it a serious problem or a disease, but instead think it is a joke and not taken seriously. Such views are wrong and harmful to people with hearing loss and their families. The age-related addition is a serious disorder [2] which creates major chronic disability [3]. This report examines the prevalence, disability, and treatment options for the deficiency of this ‘silence’. Prevalence of hearing loss is common. It affects many in the Hispanic population as well as the world’s population as a whole. According to a survey conducted in 2005 by the World Health Organization (WHO), 278 million people worldwide have moderate to profound hearing loss in one or both ears. The number of people in the world with all levels of hearing loss is increasing. This is mainly due to a growing global population and longer life expectancy. Another factor is the socio-economic: 80% of the deaf and people with disabilities living in countries with low and middle-income countries. Within the various countries, the prevalence of hearing loss in the hispanic population in the USA and in the countries of the Latino community is equivalent to the U.S. , or even higher[ 4]. Workers who are migrant agricultural hispanics in the U.S. have a higher rate of hearing loss (35 %) that farmers in the U.S. In the study, workers report the risk factors for noise exposure, age, diseases of the middle ear, and exposure to pesticides. One study found that the hearing loss was associated with age, sex and lower levels of education in Portugal . [ 5] On the aging of the population, the hearing loss is the third most common this chronic health problem for people older than 65 years in the United States. In Spain, 50% of people older than 75 years of age suffering from hearing loss in accordance with Manrique, et al. As the healthy aging of the population is increasing in the world, the impact of the hearing loss will grow. Impact of disability and handicap There are many factors that impact of hearing loss and disabilities. One of them is economic. The adults with hearing loss have difficulty in obtaining, interpret, and maintain a job. Another way is social. People with hearing loss often suffer social stigma and social isolation. These are the reasons why hearing loss is considered a disability (hearing loss limits their ability to hear), and a disadvantage (stigma on hearing loss limits its potential) . [ 6] In addition to reducing the economic productivity and social participation, hearing loss affects negatively affected other important measures of Quality of Life. These include: the deterioration of the emotional stability, physical health, and relationships with their spouses and family members. [ 7] Prevention and Treatment Prevention according to the WHO, 50% of deafness and hearing impairment can be avoided through prevention, diagnostic soon as possible, and management. In Figure 1, WHO has developed a plan to identify and control globally the hearing loss. In the case of hearing loss related to age, some people develop hearing loss due to hereditary factors. But, the greater part of the problem is due to exposure to noise. As well as easiest and best way to prevent the age-induced hearing loss is a thorough and constant protection of the ear. Inserted plug disposable ear are cheap and easily available in most of the world. Hearing loss: The ‘disadvantage in Silence” hearing loss throughout the world. It is not communicable diseases. Figure 1. WHO plan of action of the Organization for the overall management of the hearing impaired. Treatment When hearing loss occurs, is usually irreversible. Without argument, the best treatment is the earphones. According to the National Council on Aging of the survey, the treatment with hearing aids rate went down the mental problems, such as irritation, frustration, depression, paranoia, anxiety and social phobias. However, there is a problem with this treatment: people is not in use. Why? Part of the problem is economic. Statistics on WHO show that the current annual production of the earphones is estimated for satisfaer less than 10% of the world’s need. In developing countries, fewer than 1 out of every 40 people who could benefit from a hearing aid has one. Even in rich countries the poor are treatmentEven in rich countries the poor are under treatment. Among Hispanic migrant workers studied by Rabinowitz et to the. in the United States. EEUU., none reported through an earpiece, while 35% reported significant hearing loss and difficult to understand language. In addition to the high financial cost of hearing aids, another part of the problem is the stigma of being seen using a hearing aid. The use of hearing aids penetrates only 20-25% of the market in the United States.UU. and it has been estimated that only 1 / 3 of people with hearing loss to get a hearing aid if it is offered free of charge.[8] Concluded hearing loss should be avoided whenever possible. When it cannot be avoided, it should identify early and it quickly. In these times of rapid communication, expand opportunities, and more than one healthy life. It is sad to see that a growing number of people in the world are lagging behind economically and socially because of preventable hearing loss or treatable. It is even sadder to see healthy people in mental decline and be socially isolated, because no longer can communicate with friends and family. The saddest thing of all is the fact that these scenarios are more common among the poor and the elderly, without distinction as to race, language or geographic location. While it is sad to see people suffer, it is frightening to see that entire populations suffer and affect global development. WHO is aware that ‘the cost of special education and the loss of employment due to hearing loss also could impose a substantial economic burden on countries.’ Following the guidelines set out in Figure 1 is a long but very important to help the 278 millions of people that suffer from this disadvantage is invisible and silent.